Testing Knowledge
Test Directory
Editor-reviewed test guides: what each test is for, how it is performed, its limitations, and which reviewed products serve it. Personal health questions are answered with knowledge and preparation guidance — not supplier sales.
25-OH Vitamin D
The main circulating form of vitamin D and the standard measure of vitamin D status.
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
A clotting test of the intrinsic and common pathways, used to monitor unfractionated heparin and investigate prolonged bleeding histories.
Blood Gas and Electrolytes (ABG)
Point-of-care measurement of oxygenation, ventilation, acid-base status, and electrolytes in critically ill patients.
Cardiac Troponin I/T (cTnI, cTnT)
Blood proteins released when heart muscle is injured; the primary laboratory marker in the evaluation of possible acute myocardial infarction.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea (CT/NG) Detection
Nucleic acid detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
C-Reactive Protein (CRP / hs-CRP)
An acute-phase protein that rises rapidly during inflammation; used to detect and monitor infection and inflammatory disease.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA Quantification
Quantifies CMV DNA for transplant monitoring and disease management.
D-Dimer
A fibrin degradation product used mainly to help rule out venous thromboembolism when clinical probability is low.
Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)
A stool test detecting hidden blood from the lower bowel; the main screening entry point for colorectal cancer programmes.
Ferritin
The intracellular iron-storage protein measurable in serum; the most useful single test of iron stores.
Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
A long-term measure of average blood glucose over roughly the preceding two to three months, used to diagnose and monitor diabetes.
Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen
A non-invasive stool test for active H. pylori infection, suitable for both diagnosis and verification of eradication.
Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantification
Quantifies hepatitis B virus DNA to guide treatment decisions and monitor response.
Hepatitis C Virus RNA Quantification
Confirms active hepatitis C infection and verifies cure after treatment.
HIV-1 Viral Load
Quantitative measurement of HIV-1 RNA to stage infection and monitor therapy.
HPV DNA Screening
Molecular test that detects high-risk human papillomavirus types from cervical samples.
HPV DNA Screening and Genotyping
Detects high-risk human papillomavirus types used in cervical cancer screening.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG, Pregnancy Test)
The hormone detected by pregnancy tests; also used in medicine to assess certain pregnancies and tumours.
Influenza A/B RNA Detection
Molecular detection and typing of influenza A and B viruses from respiratory specimens.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA Detection
Molecular detection of M. tuberculosis complex, with or without rifampicin resistance markers.
Newborn Screening Panel (Inborn Errors of Metabolism)
Population screening of newborns from dried blood spots for treatable inborn errors of metabolism before symptoms appear.
Procalcitonin (PCT)
A biomarker that rises markedly in systemic bacterial infection; used to support antibiotic decisions in respiratory infections and sepsis pathways.
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
A protein produced by prostate tissue; elevated values can reflect prostate cancer but also common benign conditions.
Prothrombin Time / INR (PT/INR)
A clotting test measuring the extrinsic pathway, standardised internationally as INR to monitor vitamin K antagonist therapy and assess bleeding risk.
Respiratory Pathogen Panel
Multiplex PCR detecting 10–20+ respiratory viruses and atypical bacteria from one specimen.
SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detection
Molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for COVID-19 diagnosis and screening.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
The pituitary hormone that regulates the thyroid; the primary first-line test for thyroid dysfunction.